CXCR4 and neoplasm: To understand the role of Ctbp2 specifically in TIC activity induced by Apc mutated neoplasia, we first compared CD44+/CD24+ as well as CD133+/CXCR4+ populations (which include both normal stem cells and TIC’s) in small intestinal epithelia obtained from Apcmin/+, Ctbp2+/-Apcmin/+, wildtype and Ctbp2+/- mice (Figure 1A, Supplementary Figure 1A).