Given the value of a “multiple-parallel model” in the pathogenesis of NASH, monotherapy with a single agent targeting multiple components (e.g., BMS-986036/PEG-FGF21 for targeting insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and ER stress) or combined therapy with agents targeting a single component (e.g., ASK1 inhibitor [Selonsertib] and ACC inhibitor [GS-0976]) will be efficacious therapeutic approaches for treatment of NASH, in addition to monotherapy with an agent targeting a single component. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.