In addition, with the help of gadolinium chloride depletion and cell adoptive transfer experiment, we verified that IL-35 protected D-GalN/LPS induced hepatitis mainly mediated by its immunoregulatory functions on KC, a resident macrophage of the liver, as GdCl3 could mainly block phagocytosis of KCs (Husztik et al., 1980). The gene discussed is CALCA; the disease is hepatitis A virus infection.