KCND3 and atrial fibrillation: Kcna5 encodes for the voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv1.5), which has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.38, 39 The voltage-gated K+ channel KCNB1 is mainly expressed in the heart, brain muscle, and pancreas40 and is a key player in apoptotic programs associated with oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system.41