HMGB1 and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: Additionally, the sputum HMGB1 levels were similar in patients with and without severe pneumonia according to the ATS/IDSA criteria, 5 ng/mL (range 0–300 ng/mL) vs. 10 ng/mL (range 0–563 ng/mL), p = 0.65, and in patients with and without sepsis, according to the Sepsis-3 criteria, 10 ng/mL (range 0–563 ng/mL) vs. 7 ng/mL (range 0–461 ng/mL), p = 0.83.