Significant differences in AD+ cases were as follows: an increase in pro-inflammatory IL6 (1.5-fold, p = 0.047) and a decrease in cytokines IL5 (2.0-fold, p = 0.007), IL7 (2.6-fold, p = 0.002), IL12/IL23p40 (2.3-fold, p = 0.001), IL15 (1.6-fold, p = 0.008), IL16 (2.4-fold, p < 0.001) and IL17A (2.4-fold, p < 0.001) (Table 4). The gene discussed is IL16; the disease is Alzheimer disease.