TNF and neoplasm: Whilst others observed that EGFR inhibition can lead to the direct increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, GMCSF [30], our study showed an increased expression of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10 after EGFR blockade only when the tumor cells were stimulated with IFNγ and TNFα.