CXCR4 and neoplasm: This is also consistent with the functions described for CXCR4 during early metastatic dissemination, including tumor cell trafficking at the invasion front, intravasation, extravasation, or organ colonization in CRC, as described in other tumor types (Zeelenberg et al, 2003; Gassmann et al, 2009; Hernandez et al, 2011; Jin et al, 2012a,b; Wendel et al, 2012).