Our findings of a more inflammatory phenotype of coronary atherosclerotic plaques and particularly of a potential role of MCs for advanced atherosclerosis in CKD might be particularly important in view of recent experimental findings in the animal model of the ApoE knockout mouse [62] where pharmacological MC chymase inhibition using the protease inhibitor RO5066852 was shown to reduce atherosclerotic plaque progression and to improve plaque stability. Here, CMA1 is linked to atherosclerosis.