TGFB1 and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: As TGF-β1 and IL-13 signaling induces oxidative stress by producing ROS [27, 52], we hypothesized that CIN/NRF2-mediated antioxidant activity contributes to the inhibitory action on both TGF-β1-induced and IL-13-induced POSTN upregulation.