INS and gestational diabetes: Although our results on placental mitochondria of OB/GDM(+) pregnancies comply with previous findings, showing lower mitochondrial copy number compared to NW placentas [9, 69], inclusion criteria of the populations analyzed in these studies were different to ours, also including type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, placentas from vaginal deliveries, and different ethnic groups, thus keeping open the need of further studies investigating the consequences of insulin action on placental mitochondria in GDM pregnancies.