Serum concentrations of HGF (359.5 versus 294.9 pg/mL; p = 0.04), VEGF (179.3 versus 123.3 pg/mL; p = 0.04), leptin (15.7 versus 11.2 ng/mL; p = 0.02), omentin (478.8 versus 408.3 ng/mL; p = 0.03), prostate-specific antigen (18.2 versus 9 ng/mL; p < 0.01) are significantly higher in PCa than in BPH group. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.