Analysis of additional autophagy substrates by western blot, SQSTM1/p62, neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1) [27] and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) [20, 28], revealed a consistent increase after Lys05 treatment (Fig. 2c), confirming that Lys05 inhibits autophagy in primary CML progenitor cells more consistently than clinically achievable concentrations of HCQ. This evidence concerns the gene NBR1 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.