BRAF and metastatic melanoma: It has been shown that targeted therapies blocking the MAP kinase pathway (combination of BRAF inhibitors i.e. vemurafenib and dabrafenib and MEK inhibitors i.e. trametinib, cobimetinib), improve the response rate and are of clinical benefit for 50% of patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma after six weeks of treatment [2, 3].