INS and cancer: Furthermore, the KEGG pathways of up-regulated DEGs included proteoglycans in cancer, the ErbB signaling pathway, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, the insulin signaling pathway and the neurotrophin signaling pathway while the down-regulated DEGs were enriched in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, base excision repair, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and proteasome ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.