While CRS and CRES probably have certain commonalities in their pathogenesis, such as (1) IL6 production by APCs (and pericytes or endothelial cells) and (2) a deregulated endothelium (due to increased Ang2:Ang1 ratio and VWF), CRS and CRES are different pathological processes. The gene discussed is VWF; the disease is congenital rubella syndrome.