IL10 and colitis: Since Gpr43−/− Th1 cell induction of severe colitis was accompanied by a lower level of IL-10+ T-cells, and SCFAs drastically increased IL-10 production by Th1 cells through GPR43, we next investigated whether the low level of IL-10 production by Gpr43−/− Th1 cells plays a role in exacerbating colitis development.