The reduced IL-10+ T-cells and increased IFN-γ+IL-17+ T-cells in the LP of mice transferred with Gpr43−/− Th1 cells indicate that the SCFA-GPR43 interaction regulates Th1 cell function, thus providing a potential mechanism whereby Gpr43−/− Th1 cells induce more severe colitis. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is colitis.