TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: Since PPAR-γ upregulation can attenuate fibrosis and TGF-β1 expression in several other disease models [3, 19], we hypothesize that Ghrelin may ameliorate angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis by activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling.