Although PD1-treatment has been successful in an animal model on myeloma [3] and anti-PDL1 antibodies have reinvigorated exhausted T cells from a myeloma patient to kill myeloma cells in vitro [4], it is not clear whether anti-PD1/PDL1 treatment induce anti-tumor activity by reinvigorating myeloma-specific exhausted T cells in myeloma patients. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is neoplasm.