Moreover, increased levels of oxidative markers as prolidase, matrix metalloproteinases, TOS, and OSI were demonstrated in vaginal washing fluid of healthy pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in comparison to controls with intact membranes, while antioxidant parameters, as PON-1 and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were significantly lower [72]. Here, PEPD is linked to preterm premature rupture of the membranes.