Moreover, while proinflammatory cytokines as TNF-alpha and IL-6 were upregulated in the acute phase of sepsis, anti-inflammatory cytokines as IL-4 and IL-10 were preferentially overexpressed during the subacute phase [13], providing evidence that the two-phase immune response, typical of adult sepsis, would likely occur also in newborns. The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is Sepsis.