Thus, TNFα inhibitors such as adalimumab (Loftus et al., 2008; Menter et al., 2010), etanercept (Tyring et al., 2006, 2013), or infliximab (Raison et al., 2013); IL-12/IL-23 antagonists (Langley et al., 2010); IL-6 antagonists (Kappelmann et al., 2016); or IL-4Ra antagonists (Simpson et al., 2015) are more efficacious than placebo in the treatment of MDD. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and major depressive disorder.