NLRP3- and caspase-1-deficient mice are resilient to depressive-like behavior, indicating that inflammation caused by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome regulates susceptibility to depression-like behaviors (Alcocer-Gomez et al., 2016; Iwata et al., 2016; Wong et al., 2016). Here, CASP1 is linked to major depressive disorder.