A recent study has shown that the frequency of G-MDSC is significantly increased in patients with CML compared with that in healthy donors and that CML patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells activate G-MDSC, which express higher levels of arginase-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β mRNA [36]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.