TSHR and Graves disease: Recently we reported on the development of a robust and reproducible model of experimental autoimmune hyperthyroidism with associated GO in female BALB/c mice immunized by electroporation with a plasmid encoding hTSHR A-subunit and more recently, further shown that by this method we can disturb the normal mechanism of immune tolerance by inducing disease with self-anitgen, mouse TSHR in the model22–24.