Consistent with ability of CVA6 to mediate G0/G1 arrest, the expression of CDK4 and CDK6, which have been established to mediate G0/G1 cell cycle transition to S phase (Sherr, 1994), was decreased at 12 h post-infection, and the expression of the CDK4/CDK6-interacting partner, cyclinD1 was decreased at 36 h post-infection (Figure 7, first three rows). The gene discussed is CDK4; the disease is infection.