Hence, as reported for other types of cancers (clear renal cell carcinoma3, oral squamous carcinoma (OSC)34, breast cancers, and melanoma33), NSCLC frequently overexpresses TLR3 compared to the normal bronchial epithelium, which warrants further investigation on targeting TLR3 in these cancers. This evidence concerns the gene TLR3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.