However, IFNL3/4 SNP haplotypes were not associated with other manifestations including oral ulcer, arthritis, malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, ascites, neuropsychiatric manifestations, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, anti-dsDNA, complement depressed, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-SSA, anti-SSB, anticardiolipin IgG, and anticardiolipin IgM) when compared among SLE patients (data not shown). The gene discussed is CD40LG; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.