The cytokine concentrations were 1.2 to 5775.6-fold higher in the serum than in the corresponding AH samples with the following exceptions: CXCL5 (dry AMD only), GM-CSF, CCL2, TGF-β1 (healthy controls only), TGF-β2 and TGF-β3. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is dry age related macular degeneration.