B. longum and Lactobacillus casei also have been reported to exert protective effect on animal model from gliadin-induced enteropathy, whereby B. longum can downregulate the production of pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and reduce CD4+ T-cell mediated immune reactions (Laparra et al., 2012); whilst L. casei can induce complete recovery of gliadin-induced villus blunting, recover the basal TNF-alpha level, rescue homeostasis of GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) (D’arienzo et al., 2011). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Abnormal intestine morphology.