TNFSF10 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Placental microparticles regularly are released into the circulation and therefore plasma measurements of placental proteins, such as TRAIL may be measurable in the serum.62 Women with hypertensive diseases in pregnancy were found to have significantly lower plasma TRAIL levels compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies.13 Additionally, blocking TRAIL function in murine models of type 1 diabetes leads to increased autoimmune inflammation in the pancreatic islets.63 We did not find a difference in plasma TRAIL level between individuals with GDM and those without.