LIAS and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder: In this initial report, we were particularly interested in determining whether LS mutations affect F-actin polymerization in neuronal cells since this is a key regulator of neuronal migration, neurite outgrowth, dendritic spine formation and NMDA and AMPA receptor recycling, and defects in these phenomena have been found in many different genetic subgroups of SZ, ASD, and intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) [54–64].