These accessory cells secrete various cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) (24), tumor growth factor β (TGFβ) (25, 26), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) (27), insulin-like growth factor (28), vascular endothelial growth factor (29), hepatocyte growth factor (30), B cell activating factor (BAFF) (31, 32), and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) (31, 33), which further maintain an MM-supporting or immunosuppressive BM microenvironment (34). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.