Metformin counteracted the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway triggered by several oncogenes such as the Bcr-abl fusion tyrosine kinase in CML and Phi+ T-ALL and B-ALL and the Tax oncoprotein in HTLV-1-induced ATL (human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-induced adult-T-cell leukemia). Here, CNTN2 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.