NFKB1 and cancer: While the inflammatory side-effects associated with prolonged IKKβ inhibition may limit systemic application of IKKβ inhibitors in the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, a partial and/or short-lived inhibition of IKKβ, which is unlikely to trigger widespread neutrophilia, could still find utility in the treatment of cancers in which NF-κB plays a clear initiating/driving role in tumorigenesis.