Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), targeting either thrombin or factor Xa, have been recommended as an optimal alternative due to their favorable property of thromboembolism prophylaxis and reduced bleeding risk in AF patients.[8,9] Moreover, NOACs could offer low variability in anticoagulation effect, which leads to the hypothesis that NOACs might have a better protection against AF-related cognitive dysfunction than warfarin. The gene discussed is F10; the disease is atrial fibrillation.