To determine the susceptibility and clinical significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in ITP, we examined the SNPs of three NLRP3 inflammasome components and two inflammatory cytokines, including NLRP3 (rs35829419), CARD8 (rs2043211), NF-κB-94ins/del ATTG, IL-18 (rs1946518), and IL-1β (rs16944). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.