Inhibition of AKT (AKT inhibitor VIII) (116) or the p110δ subunit of PI3K (Idelalisib/CAL-101) (117) ex vivo were also two strong approaches to enrich the frequency of TCM cells in infusion products and improve ACT with CAR-engineered cells for leukemia and mesothelioma models, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CD and mesothelioma.