HSF1 and neoplasm: The data are similar to other recent data that analysed chaperome complexity as a predictive biomarker [35] and suggest that HSF1 may provide a more generalised marker than the analysis of individual specific driver oncogenic events (such as ErB2, p53, BRAF, EGFR, ALK etc [3, 10, 11] in patient tumours, where other factors are likely to provide confounding effects.