We therefore investigated the role of the Dictyostelium DGKA protein in regulating the effect of VPA relating to the treatment of both epilepsy and bipolar disorders, using a range of epilepsy treatments shown to be active in Dictyostelium and in mammalian epilepsy models (Chang et al., 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016) and the commonly used bipolar disorder treatment, lithium (Williams et al., 1999, 2002). Here, DGKA is linked to bipolar disorder.