High LH/FSH ratios (odds ratio [OR] = 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–3.28, p <  0.01), and high HOMA factor (OR = 5.04, 95% CI = 2.82–9.01, p <  0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of PCOS. This evidence concerns the gene PLOD1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.