Finally, a recent study reported that unilateral ureteral obstruction disrupted microtubules, accompanied by less reduction of HDAC6 and α-tubulin acetyl transferase, which acetylates tubulin, a component of the microtubule; this finding means that HDAC6 may lead to renal fibrosis by inducing deacetylation of α-tubulin (Noh et al. 2018). This evidence concerns the gene HDAC6 and renal fibrosis.