PPARG and Alzheimer disease: In particular, curcumin has been reported to have anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects on AD pathogenesis in rats, through the activation of PPARγ [41]; silymarin is able to inhibit β-amyloid (Aβ) protein self-assembly, showing a potential protective effect in AD pathogenesis [42], chlorogenic acid protects against rat cortical neuron degeneration associated with oxidative stress [43], and inulin increases fecal concentrations of tyramine and cytotoxic tryptamine [44].