It is now recognized that some genetic forms of NAFLD associate with a relative protection against metabolic dysregulation and atherosclerosis due to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein-3 (PNPLA3) and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 protein (TM6SF2) [42, 43]. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and atherosclerosis.