Furthermore, animal model studies revealed critical roles for TREM2/DAP12 in the regulation of microglial activity, including survival, phagocytosis, and cytokine production, not only in Alzheimer's disease but also in other neural diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, demyelinating disease, ischemia, and peripheral nerve injury. This evidence concerns the gene TYROBP and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.