IGF1 and cancer: Indeed, they ensured that CAFs, through the production of IGF1/2, IL-12, and β-hydroxybutyrate, were capable of inducing autophagy in cancer cells post-radiation, thus increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn enhances protein phosphatase 2 (PP2)A activity, blocks mTORC1 activation, and induces autophagy in cancer cells [112].