PTPA and Alzheimer disease: The microtubule function of neurons is maintained by the phosphorylation of the tau protein, and the regulation of kinases (including CDK-5 and GSK-3β) and phosphatases (such as PP2A) are very important; however, the hyperphosphorylation of tau induces microtubule dysfunction, leading to the formation of NFT, which is often observed in the AD brain [32].