Consistently, under hypoxia, the infection of the wild-type EPEC E2348/69 strain induced the expressions of PDK1, PGK1, SLC2A1 (GLUT1), and PKM2, four well-defined HIF-1α targets, but did not induce the expression of SOD2, a well-defined HIF-2α target (Fig 4M). Here, HIF1A is linked to infection.