hPSC-derived CPCs can successfully differentiateinto all 3 types of cardiac lineages in vitro andcould improve cardiac function after transplantationinto animal models of myocardial infarction (1315).All CPC types arise from a common ancestorprogenitor cell, which is featured by the expression ofmesoderm posterior 1 (MESP1) transcription factor.MESP1 expression is specific to the early stage ofheart development and considered to be the masterregulator of cardiac development. The gene discussed is MESP1; the disease is myocardial infarction.