Following the recent breakthrough of immune checkpoint blockade, stratifying cancers based on the presence of PDL1 and/or TILs in the tumor and surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) have been suggested as useful parameters for evaluating the state of the anticancer immune response and thus the potential for therapeutic intervention (Smyth et al., 2016; Sznol and Chen, 2013; Taube et al., 2012; Teng et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cancer.