TGFβ inhibition reversed H. pylori infection-induced CFTR and SLC26A6 expression decreases, which demonstrates that H. pylori infection downregulates duodenal mucosal epithelial cellular CFTR and SLC26A6 expressions through TGFβ signaling, revealing the potential etiological role of TGFβ in H. pylori-associated duodenal ulcer. Here, TGFB1 is linked to duodenal ulcer.