To confirm this result, we examined MAP17 mRNA expression in a TCGA lung cancer patient cohort and observed that this gene is overexpressed in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma samples compared to that in normal lung tissue (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), with adenocarcinomas exhibiting the highest expression levels, superior to even those found in squamous cell carcinoma tumours (p < 0.001, Fig. 1a). This evidence concerns the gene PDZK1IP1 and squamous cell carcinoma.